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Festival D'Essouira Gnaoua Musiques Du Monde
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Several years ago when I interviewed him in preparation for a Pacifica Radio special on the festival, Haynes spoke to the influence of the Gnaoua and their Islamic faith practices on his playing. Haynes, who is a restless seeker, plays a cornet quite sonically reflective of the influence of the muezzins who issue the clarion Muslim call to prayer. That influence on his playing was clearly evident during several occasions when Haynes humbly sat in with Gnawa ensembles at this year's event. Brass players can certainly dominate the proceedings, but Haynes' is a thoroughly selfless collaborator and a thirsty adherent. Gnawa music is powered by the low-pitched lute intonations of the 3-stringed hajhouj (haj-ooj) or guimbre played by Gnawa maalems (masters), multiple performers wielding large metal castanets, or karakob, the strapped-on drum known as the tbel, and call & response vocals. This is trance music at its essence and although the Gnawa music performed for the festival is more public-consumption than that which is performed at their spiritual ceremonies or Lila, they routinely achieve an intensity bordering on ecstasy for the festival masses.

Opening with a vibrant, costumed Gnaoua promenade uncannily resembling a New Orleans second line Thursday at dusk, the parade led to Scene Moulay Hassan hard by the beach over one shoulder and the bustling fishing boat dock just beyond a row of lively cafes on another perimeter. The festivities began with Gnawa ensembles joyously collaborating with several invited guests, including Swiss trumpeter Matthieu Michel, American keyboardist Scott Kinsey, and Guinean percussionist Yeye Kante. Later that evening Italian saxman Stefano Di Battista invoked the spirit of Coltrane with "Resolution," and jammed with Maalem Hassan Boussou, one of the younger adherents who hails from Casablanca and was a powerful presence on several occasions.
The second huge plaza stage, Scene Bab Marrakech, kicked-off simultaneously on Friday evening with cohabitating sets and once the two main stages close down after midnight the scene shifts to smaller club-like spaces for what are known as Acoustic Concerts. Midnight Lilas purely for public consumption, and not necessarily what the Gnaoua perform for supplicants, also proceed on a smaller open-air plaza in town. The festival has grown every year, with an "electro-fusion" stage featuring DJs interacting with Gnawa inaugurated in 2005, and a daily tea-time artist dialogue venue this year. Essaouira is abuzz with near non-stop action as it is clear this is one of the country's annual happening spots. Other notable maalems who performed on separate occasions included Abdullah El Gourde from Tangier, Abdelkebir Merchane from Marrakech, and Essaouira native son Mahmoud Guinea, a Miles Davis-like figure in Morocco. On Saturday evening, restless American blues explorer Corey Harris, whose travels to Mali to interact with the late master Ali Farka Toure (a past Gnaoua Festival participant) were a highlight of the PBS Blues series, found a home of a different shade of blue with the kinetic expressions of Maalem Abdelkader Amlil.

One of the highlight collaborations occurred following a blistering Pat Metheny Trio set that succeeded Corey Harris, with Christian McBride on bass and Antonio Sanchez on drums. Metheny hyped up the throng at Moulay Hassan when he cranked one of his four guitars into overdrive on a closing blues. With the stage still smoldering Maalem Mustapha Bakbou stoked the fire with his colorful ensemble that included the not common site of two women on karakob and voice. At peak points they furiously tossed their prodigious manes in time with the music likewise inducing other similarly tressed sisters in the audience. The Metheny trio effectively complimented Bakbou's ensemble for an additional hour.
Any trip to Morocco is a fascinating prospect, let alone to the beautiful town of Essaouira during this high point in their festival season. The flight to hub city Casablanca is only 6+ hours from JFK by eminently accommodating Royal Air Maroc and from Casablanca it's an additional 50-minute flight. Then its 2+ hours by highway across desert terrain through colorful villages to cool, coastal Essaouira where the music is ancestral and gazes into the future by embracing musicians from North and sub-Saharan Africa, Europe and the Americas. There's no other festival experience quite like Essaouira.
Photo Credit
Pierre-Emmanuel Rastoin
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