Rarely does one person change the way we listen to music, but such a man is
Ornette Coleman. Since the late 1950s when he burst on the New York jazz
scene with his legendary engagement at the Five Spot, Coleman has been
teaching the world new ways of listening to music. His revolutionary
musical ideas have been controversial, but today his enormous contribution
to modern music is recognized throughout the world. Born in Fort Worth,
Texas in 1930, Coleman's educational interests included physics,
mathematics, and chemistry. He taught himself to play the saxophone and to
read music in 1944. One year later he formed his first band. Finding a
troublesome existence in Fort Worth surrounded by racial segregation and
poverty, he took to the road by the age of 19. For Coleman, music has the
same qualities as chemistry, physics, math, and colors. This educational
basis continues to be the foundation of his approach many years later.
During the early '50s while in Los Angeles, Ornette's musical ideas were so
controversial that he rarely found public performance possibilities. He
did, however, find a core of musicians who took to his musical concepts:
trumpeters Don Cherry and Bobby Bradford, drummers Ed Blackwell and Billy
Higgins, and bassist Charlie Haden. In 1959 with the release of his debut
album, Something Else, it was immediately clear that Coleman had ushered in
a new era in jazz history. This music, freed from the prevailing
conventions of harmony, rhythm, and melody - often called "free jazz",
transformed the art form. This concept Coleman called Harmolodic. In the
1960s, based on this theory, Coleman also began writing music for string
quartets, woodwind quintetes, and symphonies. In 1966, Denardo Coleman made
his debut in music at age 10 playing drums on the recording The Empty
Foxhole with his father. Denardo also recorded twice more in the 60s with
Ornette - on Ornette At 12 and Crisis.
In the early 1970s, Ornette travelled throughout Morocco and Nigeria
playing with the local musicians and interpreting the melodic and rhythmic
complexities of their music into his Harmolodic approach. In 1975, seeking
the fuller sound of an orchestra for his writing, Coleman constructed a new
ensemble. Called Prime Time, this ensemble included the doubling of
guitars, drums, and bass. Combining elements of ethnic and danceable
sounds, this approach is now identified with a full genre of music and
musicians.
In the 80s another birth of surprises occurred including trend setting
albums such as Song X with guitarist Pat Metheny and Virgin Beauty
featuring Grateful Dead guitarist Jerry Garcia. Both records were widely
accepted. It was also in the 1980s that Denardo Coleman not only began
producing the recordings of his father but also became his manager. It was
during this period that the Colemans took control of all of their business
affairs. Out of this, Harmolodic, Inc. emerged.
With 1997 comes the launching of the ?Civilization project. It is a
multiple performance celebration that displays the depth and breadth of
Coleman's genius. ?Civilization at the Lincoln Center Festival 97 in New
York City includes the 25th anniversary performance of Skies Of America, to
be performed with the New York Philharmonic under the direction of Kurt
Masur. The '90s have included other large works such as the premiere of
Architecture In Motion, Ornette's first Harmolodic ballet, as well as work
on the soundtracks for the films Naked Lunch and Philadelphia. And now the
dawning of the Harmolodic record label (distributed by PolyGram) for which
Ornette has been heavily involved in new recordings. This includes Tone
Dialing, Sound Museum, and the newly released Colors. There has been
tremendous outpouring of recognition bestowed upon Coleman for his work
including numerous honors and celebrations- honorary degrees from the
University of Pennsylvania (1989), California Institute of the Arts (1990),
Boston Conservatory of Music (1993), an honorary doctorate from The New
School For Social Research, and most recently, an induction into the
American Academy of Arts and Letters (May 1997). He was also named as a
recipient of the distinguished 1994 MacArthur Fellowship award. Always true
to the spirit of discovery, Ornette Coleman continues to share in new
musical horizons as he has yesterday, today, and tomorrow.